Control Flow

Control flow in Python allows you to execute specific blocks of code based on certain conditions. This tutorial provides an overview of the control flow structures in Python, including if-else statements, loops, and branching.

If-Else Statements

The if-else statement is used to make decisions in Python. It allows you to execute different blocks of code depending on whether a given condition is true or false.

      if condition:
          # Code block executed if the condition is true
          statement1
          statement2
      else:
          # Code block executed if the condition is false
          statement3
          statement4
      

Elif Statement

The elif statement is used to add multiple conditions to the if-else block.

      if condition1: # Code block executed if condition1 is true
          statement1
      elif condition2: # Code block executed if condition1 is false and condition2 is true
          statement2
      else: # Code block executed if all conditions are false
      statement3
      

Loops

Loops in Python allow you to execute a block of code repeatedly based on a given condition.

While Loop

The while loop continues to execute as long as the specified condition remains true.

      while condition:
          # Code block executed as long as the condition is true
          statement1
          statement2
      

For Loop

The for loop iterates over a sequence (e.g., list, tuple, string) and executes the code block for each element in the sequence.

      for item in sequence:
          # Code block executed for each item in the sequence
          statement1
          statement2
      

Break and Continue

In loops, you can use the break statement to exit the loop prematurely and the continue statement to skip the current iteration and proceed to the next one.

      for item in sequence:
      if condition:
          # Code block executed when the condition is true
          break  # Exit the loop immediately
      else:
          # Code block executed for other iterations
          continue  # Skip this iteration and proceed to the next one
      

Branching with Ternary Operator

Python supports a concise way of writing if-else statements in a single line using the ternary operator. This pattern is used in other programming languages like JavaScript and C.

      variable = value_if_true if condition else value_if_false